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Health Issues That Affect German Shepherd Life Expectancy
German Shepherds peak between the ages of 2 and 6. The German Shepherd is at its best in terms of mental and physical sharpness.
They are at a higher risk of developing illnesses of the musculoskeletal system and other health issues that can affect their lifespan.
Working line German Shepherds usually lead more active lifestyles than show line counterparts. They require a diet high in nutrients to support their active lifestyles and exercise.
Cushing's Disease
German Shepherds are susceptible to various health issues, including hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, and Cushing's disease. Knowing these conditions and taking the appropriate steps to treat or prevent them can help your dog have a longer lifespan. Regular veterinary visits, proper nutrition and daily exercise will keep this large breed in good health.
Cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism) occurs when a pet's body produces too much cortisol, a natural steroid. A tumor on the adrenal glands or pituitary glands is the most common cause of the disease. In approximately 80% to 90% of cases the tumor is located on the pituitary gland, which is a pea-sized body located near the base of the brain. In about 15% of cases, the tumor is on one of the adrenal glands which are located on top of the kidneys.
Cushing's disease can cause pets to be more active and consume more food than normal. The condition can also cause increased thirst and urination, which means the pet will need to drink more fluids and frequent the outside to take a break from the toilet. Hair loss, a bloated appearance, and a lack of energy are other signs of the illness.
A vet can diagnose this disorder by drawing blood and performing the adrenocorticotropic hormonal stimulation test. This test involves injecting the patient with ACTH and measuring the adrenal response. The results will show the degree to which his cortisol levels are.
When a dog is diagnosed with Cushing's disease it is required to take medication for the remainder of his life. schäferhund beschützerinstinkt will slow down the growth of the tumor and keep the symptoms under control. If they are properly monitored and treated, most dogs suffering from this condition will be able to live normal lives. The condition could be fatal when it isn't treated and detected in the early stages.
Epilepsy
German Shepherds that are diagnosed and treated for epilepsy may live to a healthy age and enjoy a full and happy life. Uncontrolled seizures can cause a dog die from oxygen deprivation or an injury. Epilepsy that is not treated properly can result in depression or the inability to eat or drink.
The way the owner manages the condition could influence the effects of epilepsy on German Shepherds. A dog owner who is able to closely check the dog's medication, develop appropriate seizure management strategies and establish a strong support system is more likely to extend their pet's life span.
As with other breeds of dog, German Shepherds can suffer from dental problems. Left untreated, this problem can cause serious damage to teeth and gums, and could cause infection in other parts of the body, like the liver, kidneys and heart. Regular dental visits for dogs can decrease the risk of this problem.
The chests that are deep in the Shepherd breed makes them more prone to bloating. This ailment can be fatal to the stomach when the intestines are twisted, filling with gas and cutting off blood flow to the stomach or spleen. This condition can be fatal in as little as 30 minutes if not addressed promptly. If your Shepherd shows signs of bloat such as Heaving, retching, or an enlarged stomach, or is in a prayer position (front feet are down, the rear is up) It is recommended to bring them to an emergency vet immediately.
German Shepherds who suffer from bloat are at a higher chance of developing hip dysplasia or degenerative myelopathy. This is why it's so important to keep your dog's health up to date with regular veterinary visits and preventative treatments.
Elbow Dysplasia
The elbow is an integral part of the humerus, (the long bone of the upper forelimb), and the radius and ulna, (the two bones of the lower forelimb). The three bones must fit together perfectly to withstand a lifetime of movement. If they don't, a condition referred to as elbow dysplasia is created. It's the leading cause of lameness in front legs (limping) in dogs.
In some instances of the disease the cartilage between bones becomes damaged and causes swelling, pain and lameness. The damage is not irreparable and early diagnosis and treatment is crucial.
The first indications of the disease in dogs are a mild or intermittent limp, particularly following exercise or upon getting up from a sitting position. As the disease progresses the dog's elbow's range of motion decreases. There may also be fluid in the joint.
There are three major types of elbow dysplasia: Fragmented Coronoid Process, Osteochondrosis of the Humeral Condyle, and Ununited Anconeal Process. Each of these conditions can be seen on one or both elbows.
Rigorous hip and elbow screening of breeding animals is currently the best bet to prevent these problems. These diseases can still occur even after screening. Breeding only dogs whose elbows have been proven to be healthy is the most effective method. This will prevent the genes for elbow dysplasia from passing onto offspring.
Degenerative Myelopathy
Degenerative Myelopathy, an autoimmune disorder that affects German Shepherd dogs slowly and causes weakness of the hind legs, is a variant of Degenerative Myelopathy. DM symptoms usually manifest in older dogs, and can progress to paralysis. It is thought to be the canine equivalent of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease). Although dogs are genetically predisposed to this disease, it is not known why some dogs develop the disease while others do not.
Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for DM. The symptoms can be controlled with medication, however the condition progresses and leads to paralysis in the forelimbs. Certain dogs can live for many months or years with a high quality of life. However, it's typical for owners to choose euthanasia when their dog is in a position to walk or stand on its own.
To determine if you have DM to diagnose it, your doctor will take a detailed medical history and perform a neurological examination. The neurologist will look for other diseases that show similar clinical signs and request blood samples to test for the genetic mutation that is associated with this condition. A cerebrospinal fluid sample will also be obtained to permit analysis and to exclude other diseases. The neurologist may recommend MRI imaging using our advanced diagnostic imaging service. This will allow your vet to pinpoint areas of the spine that are affected by DM and monitor the progress of the disease. Physical rehabilitation therapy may be beneficial for DM sufferers and slow down the progression of the condition.
Intervertebral Disc Disease
German Shepherds are prone to certain health issues that may affect their lifespan. Knowing these conditions and how they affect your dog can assist you in taking preventative measures that will prolong their lives.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) occurs when the outer or inner of the spinal disk "donut" isn't remain where it is. Each disk is surrounded by an outer fibrous ring that is known as an annulus and a soft nucleus which absorbs impacts. If the nucleus becomes herniated, it can cause severe pain and even paralysis. IVDD is a degenerative condition However, sudden traumas can trigger herniation.
Type I IVDD is characterised by a sudden herniation of the spinal canal that is located in the nucleus of the disc. This can cause intense pain in the back, arching back, weakness of the limbs in the rear and lameness of the hind limbs. This condition can also cause the inability to walk, incontinence and weakness. If the spinal cord gets compressed and dies, your dog will become completely paralyzed, and may be unable to use their rear legs at all.
The onset of type II IVDD is more gradual and typically occurs in older dogs. It's the result of normal "wear and tear" that leads to the weak annulus fibers swelling with fluid, leading to herniation, and then compression of the spinal cord. This form of IVDD is not triggered by trauma or intense exercise, as is the case with Type I. It is characterized by a refusal to turn the head, an arched back, and a walk that seems weak or wobbly on the rear legs.